Free CISM - Certified Information Security Manager Practice Questions: Information Security Program Domain

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Conducting a post-incident review to identify lessons learned is the best approach to improve incident response capabilities. This review allows the organization to understand the root causes of incidents and improve processes to prevent recurrence. Increasing training (A), hiring additional staff (C), and implementing stricter controls (D) may help but do not directly address process improvements based on past incidents.

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Integrating security requirements into the IT project management process ensures that security is considered at every stage of development and deployment. This proactive approach helps maintain alignment between the security program and organizational growth.

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Conducting a root cause analysis to understand how the breach occurred (Option B) should be the top priority. This analysis is critical for identifying the vulnerabilities that were exploited and for developing an effective remediation plan. While notifying customers (Option A) and coordinating with legal teams (Option D) are important steps, they should follow the initial investigation. Implementing additional security measures (Option C) should be based on the findings of the root cause analysis to ensure they address the actual vulnerabilities.

Correct Answer: C

Explanation: The primary focus of the post-incident review should be evaluating the effectiveness of the incident response plan. This review helps identify strengths and weaknesses in the response process, enabling the organization to improve its preparedness for future incidents. While identifying responsible individuals, assessing financial impact, and reviewing legal implications are important, they should be secondary to improving the incident response process.

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: The potential impact on the organization's risk profile should have the most influence on prioritizing security initiatives. Initiatives that significantly reduce risk should be prioritized to protect the organization effectively. While cost, complexity, and resource availability (options A, C, and D) are important considerations, the primary goal of security initiatives is to manage and mitigate risk.

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Conducting a thorough access control audit to identify current gaps (Option B) is the best initial step. This audit will provide a clear understanding of the existing deficiencies and vulnerabilities in the access control system, which can then be addressed systematically. While implementing multi-factor authentication (Option A), developing a password policy (Option C), and initiating a user awareness campaign (Option D) are important components of access management, they should be based on the findings of the audit to ensure they address the specific issues identified.

Correct Answer: C

Explanation: The most critical factor to consider is the impact on existing security controls. Integrating a new cloud service can affect how current controls function and their effectiveness. Ensuring that the integration does not weaken the overall security posture is crucial. While compliance, cost, and provider reputation are important, they are secondary to understanding the impact on existing security controls.

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Incorporating security requirements into the initial design phase ensures that security is considered from the beginning and throughout the development process. This proactive approach helps prevent vulnerabilities. Implementing security testing only in the final stages (A) may lead to costly rework. Conducting a security audit after deployment (C) is reactive and may miss design flaws. Training developers after completion (D) does not address security in the current project.

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Involving business process owners in the security program development (B) ensures that security controls are integrated into business processes effectively. Process owners have a deep understanding of their processes and can provide insights into how security measures can be incorporated without disrupting operations. Regular audits (A) and mandatory training (C) are important for maintaining security posture, but they do not directly facilitate integration. Deploying easy-to-use security solutions (D) can aid adoption but does not guarantee integration into business processes.

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: The most important consideration when selecting security controls is their effectiveness in mitigating identified business risks. Security controls must address the specific risks that the organization faces to protect its assets and support its business objectives. While cost-effectiveness (A), ease of implementation (B), and alignment with best practices (C) are important factors, they should not outweigh the primary goal of risk mitigation.